OXYGEN EXCHANGE, BLOOD, AND THE CIRCULATION

Excretion of Acebutolol and its Major Metabolite Diacetolol into Infant Blood Circulation and the Breast Milk

Acebutolol (AC) is a chiral b-adrenergic blocking drug, which is useful clinically as the racemate in treating hypertension and is metabolized to an equipotent chiral metabolite, diacetolol (DC). In this paper we report a case of a 32 year old woman who was receiving AC during her pregnancy and lactating time for management of hypertension. The maternal plasma level and breast milk as well as c...

Excretion of Acebutolol and its Major Metabolite Diacetolol into Infant Blood Circulation and the Breast Milk

Acebutolol (AC) is a chiral b-adrenergic blocking drug, which is useful clinically as the racemate in treating hypertension and is metabolized to an equipotent chiral metabolite, diacetolol (DC). In this paper we report a case of a 32 year old woman who was receiving AC during her pregnancy and lactating time for management of hypertension. The maternal plasma level and breast milk as well as c...

Iron, oxygen, and the pulmonary circulation

The human pulmonary vasculature vasoconstricts in response to a reduction in alveolar oxygen tension, a phenomenon termed hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). This review describes the time course of this behavior, which occurs in distinct phases, and then explores the importance for HPV of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway. Next, the HIF-hydroxylase enzymes that act as molecular ...

Circulation of the blood

Oxygen Sensing in the Pulmonary Circulation

Since the original description of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) by Von Euler and Liljestrand in 1946, where they concluded, “breathing of pure oxygen lowered the pulmonary arterial pressure and oxygen-lack raised it,” the precise oxygen-sensing mechanism within the lungs has remained an enigma. Nevertheless, there seems to be some agreement to an overall mechanism for HPV: the primar...